宏观水平上的量子力学分析

JIMI

论文编号:WLX036  字数:9864,页数:17摘     要  在讨论量子力学与经典力学的关系时，最关键的核心问题就是量子力学作为普通规律应描述的宏观体系。纯属量子力学的性质，诸如势垒隧道以及相相位干也能在宏观体系中存在，在超导Josephson结中能出现宏观量子隧道现象，AB效应，磁的宏观量子隧穿，单畴铁磁粒子的宏观量子现象，单畴反铁磁粒子的宏观量子现象，磁体系宏观量子现象实验，磁性大分子的宏观量子现象等都是量子力学在宏观水平上的应用。本文从以下几个方面对宏观水平上的量子力学进行分析： 第一,  AB效应，AB效应的发展过程，电AB效应，磁AB效应，实验方案等进行分析。 第二，磁性粒子体现的宏观量子效应，从三个方面进行分析，分别是磁性的宏观量子效应分子，磁体中的量子隧穿及宏观量子效应，反铁粒子的热助量子隧道和宏观量子效应。第三，Josephson效应。关键词： AB效应 宏观量子效应 强耦合超导体 Josephson效应 磁畴Abstract During the discussion of quantum mechanics and classical mechanics of the relationship, the key issue is the core of the general laws of quantum mechanics should be described as a macro-system. Observed at the macro system can not be linear superposition principle of quantum mechanics, quantum mechanics is the principle should be to find the bodies to make it disappear, and this is the role of each other and the environment caused by detuning, but there are special circumstances making phase coherent at the macro system can throw retained. In addition the nature of a purely quantum mechanics, such as the tunnel barrier, as well as phase coherence can exist at the macro system. In superconducting Josephson junctions to macroscopic quantum tunneling phenomenon appears, showing a macro-system nature of quantum mechanics to overcome the impact of the environment in order to bring significant benefits.   1,  AB effect , AB effect by the process of development, and electric AB effect, the magnetic AB effect, the analysis of experimental programs. 2,  the magnetic particles reflect the macro-quantum effect, from an analysis of three aspects, namely, macro-quantum effect of the magnetic elements of quantum magnets and macroscopic quantum tunneling effect, anti-hot iron particles and macroscopic quantum tunneling helps the quantum effect . 3, the strong-coupling superconductors, Josephson effect.Keywords：AB effect; Macroscopic quantum effects ; Strong-coupling superconductors ; Josephson effect ; Magnetic domain目  录中文摘要 i英文摘要 ii目录 iii第一章     绪论  1第二章     AB效应  22.1   AB效应简介 3 2.2  AB效应分析 4 2.3  电AB效应 4 2.3.1实验方案 5 2.3.2电AB效应理论分析 5 2.4  磁AB效应 5第三章     磁性粒子体现的宏观量子效应     73.1   磁性的宏观量子效应 7 3.1.1磁约瑟夫森元件 8 3.1.2信息存贮 8 3.1.3极低温下的磁性致冷 8 3.2   分子磁体中的量子隧穿及宏观量子效应 9 3.3   反铁粒子的热助量子隧道和宏观量子效应 10第四章    Josephson效应 11 4.1   基本表示 11 4.2   直流Josephson效应 11 4.3    交流Josephson效应 11第五章     结论与展望 12致谢 13参考文献 14